Glutathione
The reduced form of the endogenous tripeptide γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine — the most abundant intracellular antioxidant in mammalian cells. Critical to cellular redox homeostasis, xenobiotic detoxification, and immune function research models.
Free COA included · Free shipment protection · 99%+ purity by HPLC & MS · Lyophilized powder
Certificate of Analysis — Included Free
Every batch independently tested by U.S.-accredited labs. Lot-matched COA confirms identity, purity ≥99% by HPLC, and safety screening.
Research Overview
Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant low-molecular-weight thiol compound in mammalian cells, present at millimolar concentrations in the cytoplasm of most cell types. As the primary intracellular antioxidant, it directly scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is a cofactor for glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutaredoxin — enzymes critical to oxidative stress defense and xenobiotic detoxification.
In cellular research, GSH is used as a reference antioxidant standard, as a substrate in enzyme activity assays (GPx, GST), and in studies examining how cellular redox balance affects signaling pathways including NF-κB, Nrf2, and apoptotic cascades. Depletion of cellular glutathione using L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) is a standard technique for inducing controlled oxidative stress in cell culture models.
Animal and ex vivo studies have examined GSH's role in organ preservation, ischemia-reperfusion injury models, hepatotoxicity studies, and immune cell function. As a direct research-grade substrate and standard, highly pure glutathione is used across biochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology laboratory applications.
All referenced studies are preclinical or in vitro. Not for human use.
Molecular Information
| Full Name / IUPAC | Glutathione |
| CAS Number | 70-18-8 |
| Molecular Formula | C₁₀H₁₇N₃O₆S |
| Molecular Weight | 307.32 g/mol |
| Sequence / Structure | γ-Glu-Cys-Gly (tripeptide with non-standard γ-linkage) |
| Appearance | White crystalline powder |
| Solubility | Freely soluble in water; prepare fresh, deoxygenated solutions |
| Format | Lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder |
| SKU | CL-011 |
Quality & Testing
- Purity: ≥99% by HPLC
- Identity: Confirmed by Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS)
- Heavy Metals: Screened; below detection thresholds
- Endotoxin: Tested per LAL assay
- Lot Tracking: Lot number on every vial matches published COA
- Packaging: Nitrogen-purged, sealed glass vials
Storage & Handling
- Short-term: Room temperature (15–25°C), dry, dark — up to 4 weeks
- Long-term: Refrigerated at 2–8°C — up to 18 months lyophilized
- Extended: −20°C; avoid freeze-thaw cycling
- Store at −20°C. Sensitive to oxidation — prepare solutions under inert gas or with a reducing agent. Avoid repeated exposure to air after opening.
This compound is supplied for in vitro research and laboratory use only. It is not for human or veterinary use, is not a drug or dietary supplement, and has not been evaluated or approved by the FDA or any regulatory agency for any therapeutic application. Purchasers must be 18 years of age or older and qualified researchers operating in compliance with all applicable local, state, and federal regulations governing research chemicals.
